1. Fall or Fall Arrest Lack of Protection –

Fall from heights of 4 feet or greater, activation of a fall arrest system, or fall into water deeper than 5 feet

Common Controls

• Properly guarded/protected open holes
• Approved fall protection system
• 100% tie-off to an appropriately rated anchor point for > 4 feet
• Ensure rescue plan and rescue equipment is in place
• Proper ladder inspection
• 3-point contact (climbing/transitioning)

2. Arc Flash Electrical Contact –

Arc flash within an established boundary or electrical contact greater than or equal to 50V

Common Controls

• De-energize (when possible), isolate, and ground
• Observe proper minimum approach distance
• Remote racking devices
• Breaker maintenance switches
• Protective cover up
• Insulated tools
• Appropriately rated rubber gloves and arc flash and/or electrically tested PPE (i.e., fire-resistant (FR) clothing)

3. Mobile Equipment –

Loss of Control, rolling or collision involving mobile equipment

Common Controls

• Only trained and/or qualified operators
• Install and require use of seat belts
• Ensure equipment operators are aware of and acknowledge presence before approaching equipment
• Use camera to improve equipment operator line of sight if available
• Evaluate traffic path and terrain
• Conduct safety circle walk

Vehicle loss-of-control, rollover, or collision at speeds greater than 25 mph

Common Controls

• If vehicle is equipped, activate driver assist (automatic breaking, speed adjustment) or use passive controls (blind spot alert, lane warnings)
• Safety circle walk; pre-trip inspection
• Eliminate distractions

5. Confined Space -

Enclosed or confined space (tanks, vessels, silos, storage bins, hoppers, vaults, pits, tunnels, wells, manholes and culverts)

Common Controls

• Permit/re-classification requirements met and maintained
• Perform atmospheric monitoring with appropriate sensors
• Identify other potential hazards in the space (i.e., engulfing, electrical shock, and hazardous atmosphere potential)
• Classify the space and apply appropriate controls (re-classified/non-permitted, and permit-required confined space)
• Establish rescue plan and rescue equipment in place

6. Hoisted Loads –

Activities that involve a manual, electric, or pneumatic hoist to lift or lower loads with ropes or chains

Common Controls

• Confirm rigging components, crane/lifting device, and anchor points are rated to withstand the capacity of the load and used within the manufacturer’s specifications
• Ensure load, hooks, attachment devices are controlled/protected until free from obstructions
• Ensure qualified persons are present and knowledgeable of lift activities
• Develop and adhere to the lift plan
• Identify the drop zone using barricades, barriers, or indicators
• Never stand/walk under a hoisted load
• Use a spotter

7. Fire or Explosion –

Fire or explosion

Common Controls

• Proper storage of flammables and combustibles
• Fire extinguishing system or equipment available
• Gas detection monitoring and alarms
• Follow the safety data sheet for flammable and combustible chemicals
• Hot work permit (welding, cutting, brazing, and grinding)
• Non-sparking tools
• Housekeeping (free of combustibles)

8. Trenching or Excavation –

Trench cave-ins or unplanned excavation events

Common Controls

• Confirm utility location prior to beginning excavation
• Ensure a competent person classifies the soil
• Protect excavations > 5 feet deep with shoring, sloping, or benching
• Use proper barricade practices
• Maintain proper/adequate egress
• Ensure rescue provisions are in place

9. Line of Fire –

Caught, struck, or trapped by tools or machinery due to mechanical or gravitational forces

Common Controls

• Verify the absence of hazardous energy before beginning work
• Erect and maintain barricades
• Do not bypass proper machine/tool guarding
• Identify traffic plans and buffer zones (work zone)
• Communicate hazards to protect others
• Use proper body positioning to avoid line-of-fire injuries
• Falling object protection (tethering)
• Utilize pedestrian warning lights if available
• Obey posted signage and barricades

10. Release or Exposure to Energy/Heat/Chemicals -

Unexpected release of stored energy, release of high heat, or hazardous chemicals

Common Controls

• Use clearance and tagging to isolate, secure, and de-energize
• Verify the absence of energy
• Follow safety data sheet requirements (chemicals)
• Communication with designated operating areas (i.e., 3-way communication)
• Equipment inspection and pressure verification (hydraulic/air hoses)
• Use proper body positioning